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Our Natural Resources Program is dedicated to preserving and protecting the diverse ecosystems of our Inland Empire State Parks. Through innovative conservation efforts, habitat restoration projects, and educational outreach, we strive to ensure the sustainability and resilience of our park's natural environments. Learn more about the state's natural resources program by clicking the button below. 


 

The urban edge and its relationship with the natural environment.

The rapid expansion of urban areas in California poses significant challenges for the natural environments at the edges of these developments. Our Inland Empire State Parks are particularly affected by these urban edge effects, which threaten the ecological integrity, recreational experience, and safety operations of preserved wildland areas. This section aims to educate visitors about urban edge effects and offer strategies to mitigate these impacts on our parks. The contents of this section are from a published analysis by former State Park District Superintendent Gary Watts in September 2000 about urban edge effects to offer suggestions for softening these and other urban influences on all parks and preserved wildlands.

Invasive Exotic Vegetation

Invasive non-native plants can overtake native vegetation, resulting in the loss of food and shelter for local wildlife. This displacement affects species' survival and can cause ecological imbalances. Many animals rely on native vegetation for their survival, and the introduction of invasive species can reduce the availability of these critical resources. For instance, plants like the giant reed and Cape ivy are particularly problematic, overtaking native riparian plants and eliminating habitat for species such as the least Bell's vireo. To mitigate this, residents and park visitors are encouraged to avoid planting invasive species in their gardens and opt for native plants that support local ecosystems. Resources from the California Native Plant Society and CalFlora provide valuable guidance on native plant species.

Higher Frequency and Severity of Fires

Urban areas near wildlands experience an increased risk of fires, which can disrupt natural vegetation cycles and pose safety risks to both people and wildlife. Many of California's ecosystems are adapted to natural fire cycles, but increased fire frequency due to human activities can harm these environments. Fires can start from unattended campfires, discarded cigarettes, and arson. Implementing fuel modification zones, using fire-resistant native plants, and adhering to fire safety guidelines can help reduce fire risks and maintain the health of our wildlands.

Companion Animals and Predation

Pets such as cats and dogs can disturb wildlife by preying on or competing with native species, and they can also become prey themselves. Pets can hunt native wildlife, disrupt food chains, and spread diseases, while also being vulnerable to larger wild animals like coyotes and mountain lions. Responsible pet ownership is crucial; keeping pets indoors or under supervision, especially in areas near wildlands, and not releasing pets into the wild can help protect both pets and native wildlife.

Undesignated Trails

Trails created by residents and visitors outside of official pathways can damage ecosystems, cause soil erosion, and disrupt wildlife habitats. Unofficial trails can lead to vegetation loss, soil erosion, and habitat fragmentation. These trails are not maintained and can be dangerous for hikers and other visitors. To protect the environment and ensure safety, it is essential to use only the marked and maintained trails.

Introduction of Exotic Animals

Non-native animals, such as bullfrogs and predatory fish, can prey on native species, leading to declines in local biodiversity. Exotic animals can outcompete or prey on native species, disrupting local ecosystems. For example, bullfrogs and predatory fish like bass can decimate populations of native amphibians and fish. Preventing the introduction of non-native animals and supporting efforts to remove invasive species from our parks are vital steps in protecting local biodiversity.

Influence on Earth Systems

Urbanization affects solar radiation, soil richness, erosion, wind patterns, the hydrologic cycle, and water quality, impacting both natural environments and human communities. Urban development can increase ground temperatures and reduce soil fertility, making it difficult for native plants to thrive. Buildings can alter wind patterns, leading to vegetation damage, while urban runoff can pollute waterways. Implementing green building practices, reducing impervious surfaces, and supporting conservation efforts are essential to protect these earth systems.

Loss of Foraging Habitat

Development reduces the availability of natural foraging areas for wildlife, threatening species that require large territories, such as golden eagles. The loss of foraging habitat can lead to decreased populations of species that require large territories. Golden eagles, for example, are particularly affected by the reduction of suitable foraging areas. Supporting land-use planning that includes buffer zones around wildlands helps preserve foraging habitats and ensures the survival of these species.

Conclusion

Maintaining the balance between urban development and the preservation of wildlands is crucial for sustaining biodiversity and ecological health. By understanding and mitigating the effects of urban edges, we can ensure that Inland Empire State Parks continue to thrive alongside our growing urban areas. For more information on Urban Edge Effects, view the Analysis here.